来华留学生的自我呈现:途径与机制

The Self-presentation of International Students in China:Means and Mechanism

来华留学生的跨文化交流会影响其留学体验,基于新制度主义社会学视角,研究采用质性研究方法对来自北京师范大学的14位来华留学生进行了访谈、观察和实物收集,探究其自我呈现的途径及作用机制。研究发现,来华留学生以学习场域的边缘人、交往的分化者、精神空间的建构者、情感能量的获得者、反身性的调适者五种角色进行自我呈现。恰适性逻辑与结果性行为逻辑共同构成的社会适应逻辑作用于来华留学生个体的行为选择与身份表达。因个体行为与制度间的高度互动性,影响其自我呈现的制度构成包括规制性的安排与惯例、规范性的交往规则、文化-认知性的社会框架。所以高校不仅要在规制性层面进行政策调整,还应当对文化-认知与情感层面予以关注,从而促进来华留学生的跨文化适应。

International students’ cross-cultural communication status has an impact on the quality of their education in China. This study aims at exploring the daily self-presentation of the international students and its mechanism in Beijing Normal University. From the perspective of new institutionalism in sociology, we employed qualitative research methods to interview, observe, and collect artifacts from 14 international students.Based on the data analysis, it is found that five roles are taken as the main patterns of self-presentation, including the marginalized person in the studying field, the differentiated of social interaction,the constructor of spiritual space, the gainer of emotional energy, and the acculturative with reflectivity. Individuals express their identities based on the logic of social appropriateness, which is constituted by the logic of appropriateness and the logic of consequentialism that affect individuals’ behavioral choice. Due to the interactivity between individual’ s behavior and institution, the regulative arrangements and conventions, the normative interaction rules, and the culturalcognitive social framework constitute the institutions that influence international students’ self-presentation. In this sense, in order to facilitate the cross-cultural adaptation of international students, the university should not only adjust the regulative policies, but also pay attention to the aspect of cultural-cognition and emotion.