“出位之思”与跨媒介叙事

“Andersstreben” and Cross-media Narrative

所谓"出位之思",指的是一种表达媒介在保持自身特色的同时,也试图模仿另一种媒介的表达优势或美学效果。就叙事而言,"出位之思"就表现为跨媒介叙事。对于具有"跨媒介叙事"特征的小说,我们除了了解该作品本身的媒介特性之外,对于它"跨"出自身媒介而追求的他种媒介的特性也必须有所了解;只有这样,才能更好、更完整地欣赏其美学特色。最主要的跨媒介叙事发生在时间艺术与空间艺术的相互模仿之中;此外,跨媒介叙事还发生在空间艺术与空间艺术之间,以及时间艺术与时间艺术之间。跨媒介叙事往往会产生仅仅墨守媒介本位的文学艺术所无法达到的神奇的艺术效果,表征出单一媒介所无法表征的丰盈的艺术内涵。"出位之思"及其相应的跨媒介叙事,构成了文学和其他艺术之间进行比较研究的"共同因素"和理论基础。小说的"空间叙事"实际上也是一种典型的跨媒介叙事现象。

The term "Andersstreben" means that a type of medium seeks to imitate the features of another type while keeping its own characteristics.In terms of narrative,"Andersstreben" means cross-media narrative.Regarding fiction that features cross-media narratives,we need to understand both its own medium particularities and the other media properties that it pursues.Only in this way can we better appreciate its aesthetics.Cross-media narratives primarily originate from the mutual imitations between temporal arts and spatial arts,and often achieve magical artistic effects and rich artistic connotations that are otherwise unattainable for literature and arts by simply sticking to their own media."Andersstreben" and its corresponding cross-media narratives constitute the "common factors" and theoretical bases for comparative studies between literature and other forms of art.In fact,spatial narrative in fiction is also a typical cross-media narrative.