长江经济带物流业效率增长影响因素

Influencing Factors of Logistics Industry Growth Efficiency in Yangtze River Economic Belt

首先基于非期望产出的Super-SBM模型和Malmquist指数模型,全面测度长江经济带2007—2016年物流行业增长效率,并在此基础上运用面板Tobit模型,实证研究其物流业效率增长的影响因素。结果显示:①长江经济带2007—2016年物流效率呈现波动上升后缓慢下降态势,其中下游地区物流效率高于中、上游地区;物流全要素生产率、技术变动和效率变动总体呈现下降趋势,技术变动是影响全要素生产率变动的核心因素。②影响物流效率增长的因素存在区域差距。市场一体化指数、产业集聚、政府干预以及对外开放对整个长江经济带的物流效率及变动产生重要影响。在上游地区,影响物流效率增长的因素主要为产业集聚、经济密度和交通密度;中游地区的市场一体化指数、产业集聚、政府干预、经济密度、对外开放以及交通密度均是影响物流效率增长的重要因素,而对于下游地区,市场一体化指数、政府干预、经济密度和交通密度与物流效率增长关系密切。最后,针对研究结果,给出提高物流效率的政策建议,包括推进市场一体化建设,优化区域产业布局,扩大对外开放水平及打造立体式交通运输网络体系。

Regional integration can increase growth efficiency by promoting factor mobility, structural upgrading, and strengthening regional cooperation. Firstly, based on the Super-SBM model of unexpected output and Malmquist index model, this article comprehensive;y measures the growth efficiency of logistics industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2007 to 2016. On this basis, it uses the panel Tobit model to empirically study the factors affecting the efficiency growth of logistics industry.The results show that: 1) From 2007 to 2016, the logistics efficiency of the Yangtze River Economic Belt shows a slow decline trend after fluctuation, in which the logistics efficiency of the lower reaches is higher than that of the middle and upper reaches;the total factor productivity, technological change and efficiency change of logistics generally show a downward trend, and technological change is the core factor affecting the total factor productivity change. 2) There are regional disparities in the factors affecting the growth of logistics efficiency. Market integration index, industrial agglomeration, government intervention and external opening have an important impact on the logistics efficiency and change of the whole Yangtze River Economic Belt. In the upstream region, the main factors affecting the growth of logistics efficiency are industrial agglomeration, economic density and traffic density;in the middle region, market integration index, industrial agglomeration, government intervention, economic density, opening up and traffic density are all important factors affecting the growth of logistics efficiency;while in the downstream region, market integration index, government intervention, economic density and traffic density are important factors affecting the growth of logistics efficiency. The traffic density is closely related to the growth of logistics efficiency.Finally, according to the research results, the policy suggestions to improve logistics efficiency are promoting market integration;optimizing regional industrial layout;expanding the level of opening up and building a three-dimensional transportation network system.