从“舆”“轮”论车的起源——科技史语言研究视角

On the Origin of “Che” from the “Yu” and the “Lun”:A Case Study of the Historical Exegesis of Science and Technology

“车”的起源问题,是科技史研究中的重要问题,“本土论”与“西来说”的争论由来已久,尚难达成共识。因《说文》“车,舆轮之总名”,而“舆”既是构车的基本要素,同时在造字结构上,也表现出极特殊之处,与《说文》车部其他字如轴、辕、轮等截然不同,因此,有非常重要的研究价值。今从科技史语言研究视角,试以“舆”解析中国古车之自行起源。又“舆”虽可证,“轮”却难解,故再上溯而得“专”。既知“专”,则可明“轮”不害“舆”,二者综之,冀为中国古车自行起源一事之翼佐。

The origin of "Che" is an important issue in the research of science and technology history. The controversy between Nativism and originatingfrom the West is long and difficult to reach consensus."Yu" is not only the basic elements of the "Che", but also shows a very special character in thestructure of the word - making at the same time, appearing very different with the other words such as "Zhou","Yuan" in Che Parts of Shuowen, sothere is very important research value. From the perspective of exegesis, this article tries to analyze the origin of Chinese ancient Che by the word "Yu".Although "Yu" can be verified, Lun is difficult to understand, so then traced back to "Zhuan". Knowing " Zhuan" and then knowing " Lun" does nothinder understading "Yu", it maybe helpful for the research of the origin of Chinese ancient Che.