某省职业病危害因素监测与职业健康检查情况分析

Analysis on occupational hazards monitoring and occupational health examination in a province

目的了解近5年四川省工作场所环境监测情况以及职业接害人群的健康监护状况。方法于2017年5月,收集四川省职业病网络直报系统2012~2016年有毒有害作业工人基本资料和健康监护情况以及2014~2016年职业病危害因素监测情况,进行描述性统计分析。结果23 964家企业疑似职业病总检出率为1.79%(13 392/748 291);在60 919个作业点中,粉尘、噪声、外源性化学毒物的超标率分别为32.58%(5 089/15 622)、20.28%(4 897/24 152)、4.80%(1 016/21 145)。粉尘、噪声及外源性化学毒物作业点超标率较高的企业类型分别为国有企业、国有企业和集体企业,超标率分别为69.93%(828/1 184)、29.08%(608/2 091)、11.80%(42/356);粉尘、噪声及外源性化学毒物超标率较高的企业规模分别为微型企业、大型企业及大型企业,超标率分别为32.76%(740/2 259)、28.72%(444/1 546)、7.39%(114/1 543)。粉尘与化学毒物超标率较高的企业分布在遂宁、攀枝花、广元和资阳市。结论该省职业病危害的重点是粉尘与噪声,其次是苯及苯系物。

Objective To find out the status of the monitoring of production environment and physical condition of occupational victims in Sichuan in recent 5 years. Methods Data of health supervision of workers with toxic and harmful activity and occupational health examination in Sichuan Province during 2012-2016, monitoring of occupational harmful factors in Sichuan Province during 2014-2016 were collected from the Network direct reporting system. Descriptive analysis was conducted to analyze the result in May 2017. Results The detection rate of suspected occupational diseases in 23964 enterprises was 1.79%(13392/748291). The exceeding standard rate of dust, noise, xenobiotic were 32.58%(5089/15622), 20.28%(4897/24152) and 4.80%(1016/21145) respectively. In addition, state-owned enterprises, state-owned enterprises and collective enterprises showed the highest over-standard rate of dust, noise and exogenous chemical poisons, with the over-standard rate of 69.93%(828/1184), 29.08%(608/2091) and 11.80%(42/356) respectively. The exceeding rate of dust, noise and exogenous chemical poisons was 32.76%(740/2259), 28.72%(444/1546) and 7.39%(114/1543), respectively. Most of the enterprises with higher over-standard rate of dust and chemical poisons are located in Suining City, Panzhihua City, Guangyuan City and Ziyang City. Conclusion The focus of occupational hazards in Sichuan is dust and noise, followed by benzene.