“贵族科学家”与“布商女儿”——《法国中尉的女人》与英国的“两种文化”之争

“Noble Scientist” and “Daughter of a Mercer”:The French Lieutenant’s Woman and the Controversy Between the Two Cultures in Britain

在斯诺和利维斯掀起的英国“两种文化”论争中,约翰·福尔斯反对斯诺以工具理性为基础的功利主张,支持利维斯维护传统文化的立场。其小说《法国中尉的女人》在虚构故事的外表下潜藏着作者对“两种文化”之争的思考和批判。作品通过人物之口表达了作者对学科分化的质疑、对工业文明的反思以及对文化传统的坚守。小说叙述中隐含的“两种文化”论争具有深远的历史传统背景和具体的现实文化语境:它不仅是一场学科论战,还折射出英国社会中的文化价值选择与身份认同诉求问题。

In the controversy between the two cultures raised by Charles Percy Snow and Frank Raymond Leavis, John Fowles is against Snow's utilitarian proposition which is based on instrumental rationality, and supports Leavis’s pursuit of protecting traditional culture. The French Lieutenant’s Woman reveals the author’s reflections and critiques on the “two cultures” under the disguise of a fictional story. The author expresses his suspicion of disciplinary division, his reflection on industrial civilization and his commitment to cultural traditions through the characters in the novel. The controversy between the two cultures implied in this novel has age-old historical background and concrete contemporary cultural context. It reflects the cultural preference and the identity appeal of the British society.