云南不同区域羊肚菌砷、汞及常量元素分布特征

Distribution characteristics of arsneic, mercury and major elements in Morchella from different area of Yunnan

目的测定云南5个地区同一种菌类(羊肚菌)砷、汞及其他常量元素的含量,并对不同产地的羊肚菌元素分布特征进行判定。方法采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,ICP-MS)检测羊肚菌总砷、总汞、铅、锌等元素含量,采用液相色谱-原子荧光光谱联用法(liquid chromatography-atomic fluorescence spectrometry, LC-AFS)检测羊肚菌中无机砷、有机砷含量;利用主成分分析法对不同区域羊肚菌中元素分布特征进行分析判别。结果云南省境内羊肚菌As、Hg等重金属元素无超标现象,且含有Ca、P等多种有益元素。不同地区的羊肚菌中元素具有各自特征,能够通过主成分分析方法进行菌类产地判别。结论利用菌类多元素、多指标协同分析能够对菌类的产地进行初步判断,但仍需更多的基础水质、降雨、土壤数据进行支撑。

Objective To determine contents of arsenic, mercury and other major elements in Morchella collected from 5 area of Yunnan, and to evaluate the elements distribution characteristics in Morchella from different area. Methods The contents of arsenic, mercury, lead and zinc were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), inorganic and organic arsenic were determined by liquid chromatography-atomic fluorescence spectrometry(LC-AFS), and elements distribution characteristic of Morchella from different area were evaluated by principle component analysis (PCA). Results The contents of As and Mercury in Morchella were at normal level and some beneficial elements (Ca, P) were also detected. Moreover, elements characteristics in Morchella from different area were able to distinguish by PCA. Conclusion Combination of contents of major and trace elements and statistical analysis is able to roughly distinguish producing area, while more data of rain, water, and soil is needed to perform more accurate analysis.