东南亚语言区域的双及物结构类型及其成因

The Ditransitives in Southeast Asia Area: Typology and motivation

在区域类型学框架下,本文着眼于东南亚语言区域的双及物结构类型。经统计推导出10条共性。它们表现为基本语序、“接事-客事”语序(RT语序)、结构、标记性和事件发展方向性之间的多维关联性。RT语序的倾向性,在动词居中(V2)与动词居末(V3)语言和方言中相反(USEA1),在“双宾构式一附属语标记结构一连动式”结构连续统和“R型-中性-T型”标记性连续统上渐变(USEA5和USEA6),在顺逆向事件编码上时同时异(USEA4和USEA9)。这些共性的5条结构、功能和认知成因互相竞争,它们的总体效应量排序为:核心VP紧缩原则>观念距离象似性原则>顺序象似性原则>可别度领前原则>[T-R]连动式原则(USEA10)。

In light of areal typology, ditransitives in Southeast Asia Area typologically fall into 10 areal universals ( thereafter USEA ) in the statistical sense. These USEAs reveal multiple correlations among VO ordering, RT ordering, structures, markedness and the direction of event evolution. Specifically, the preference of RT ordering is reversed in V2 and V3 languages & dialects ( USEA 1 ), gradually reversed along the structural continuum, i. e. M DOC-ApOCSVC”(USEA5), and the markedness continuum, i. e.“ R-neutral-T”(USEA6 ), flipping on the coding isomorphism of inbound and outbound events (U SEA4 & USEA9 ). But right in the back room, there are 5 structural, functional and cognitive competing motivations in effect in a consecutive ranking as u MiVP > Conceptual Distance Iconicity > Evolving Chain Iconicity > Identification >[ T-R] SVC^( USEA1 0 ).