三级医院ICU护士的患者早期活动知信行现状及影响因素分析

Current status and influencing factors of knowledge-attitude-practice about patients' early ambulation among intensive care unit nurses in tertiary hospitals

目的探讨ICU护士对患者早期活动知信行的现状及其影响因素,为制定早期活动干预策略提供依据。方法2018年3-4月,采用方便抽样法选取武汉市4所三级甲等综合性医院的220名ICU护士作为研究对象,采用一般资料问卷和ICU护士对患者早期活动的知信行调查问卷进行调查,采用多元逐步回归分析其影响因素。结果共回收有效问卷211份。ICU护士对患者早期活动的知识得分为(7.60±1.35)分,信念得分为(19.13±2.25)分,行为得分为(15.02±4.13)分;回归分析显示,ICU工作年限及有无早期活动方案是ICU护士对患者早期活动的知识的影响因素;职称、是否接受过相关培训及有无早期活动方案是ICU护士对患者早期活动信念的影响因素;是否为ICU专科护士及有无早期活动方案是ICU护士对患者早期活动行为的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论ICU护士对患者早期活动知识、信念较好,实施行为不理想,ICU管理者应正视目前早期活动开展的现状,制定本医疗机构患者早期活动方案,加大对ICU医护人员的培训力度,促进ICU患者早期活动的规范开展。

Objective To explore the current status and influencing factors of intensive care unit (ICU) nurses' knowledge-attitude-practice (KAP) about patients' early ambulation, so as to provide guidance for formulating appropriate early ambulation intervention strategies. Methods From March to April of 2018, 220 ICU nurses from 4 ClassⅢ Grade A general hospitals were selected as participants in this study by convenience sampling. General Information Questionnaire and Investigation Questionnaire for KAP on Patients' Early Ambulation were used and the multivariate stepwise regression analysis was conducted to analyze the influencing factors. Results A total of 211 valid questionnaires were collected. The ICU nurses achieved (7.60±1.35) points from the knowledge on patients' early ambulation and (19.13±2.25) points from the attitude and (15.02±4.13) points from the practice;regression analysis indicated that working length in ICU, and whether there was any early ambulation plan were the influencing factors of the ICU nurses' knowledge on patients' early ambulation;job title, whether had related training experience and whether there was any early ambulation plan were the influencing factors of the ICU nurses' attitude on patients' early ambulation;whether specialized in ICU and whether there was any early ambulation plan were the influencing factors of the ICU nurses' practice on patients' early ambulation (P<0.05). Conclusions ICU nurses' knowledge and attitude on patients' early ambulation are good, however the practice is not satisfying. ICU managers should face up to the current status of patients' early ambulation, work out patients' early ambulation plans for this medical institution, strengthen the training for the ICU medical staff, and promote ICU patients' standard early ambulation.