电力市场环境下典型发电容量充裕性机制及对我国的启示

Typical Generation Resource Adequacy Mechanism in Electricity Market and Enlightenment to China

发电容量充裕性是保证电力系统可靠供电的关键。随着间歇性可再生能源的发展,发电容量充裕性问题再一次受到电力市场设计的广泛关注。对比了澳大利亚南部、美国德克萨斯州和美国宾夕法尼亚-新泽西-马里兰州3个典型电力市场区域保证发电容量充裕性的方法,包括交易时序和价格机制的设计,以及对应的信息披露、市场力控制和风险规避机制等配套机制。不同方法的选择应充分考虑市场环境的差别。从预测能力、成本监审能力、信息要求和用户特性出发,提出不同充裕性机制的适应性,并分析相应的配套机制。最后,结合当前的电力市场改革环境,对我国电力市场建设提出了相应的政策建议。

Resource adequacy is crucial for ensuring reliability of power supply. With development of intermittent renewable energy, resource adequacy once again attracts wide attention in terms of power market design. This paper compares various methods used for ensuring resource adequacy in typical power markets in Australia and Texas and Pennsylvania-New Jersey-Maryland of the US, including trading timeline and pricing mechanism, as well as the supporting mechanism of information disclosure, market power control and risk hedging. The characteristics of an individual market should be fully considered when choosing the most appropriate method. The paper proposes to analyze the adaptability of various methods based on a set of indicators, namely accuracy of prediction, ability of cost monitoring, information requirements and customer characteristics, and also the supporting mechanism. Finally, considering current environment of power market reform in China, suggestions are put forward regarding the policies in power market construction.