2016—2018年天津市吸毒人群梅毒感染状况及行为学调查分析

Status and behavior analysis of syphilis infection in drug users in Tianjin from 2016 to 2018

目的了解天津市吸毒人群梅毒的感染状况及其影响因素,为制定吸毒人群梅毒干预措施提供科学依据。方法对2016-2018年天津市第一强制隔离戒毒所新入所吸毒人员进行面对面问卷及血清学采集,分析人口学特征、行为学特征、毒品类型、吸毒行为与梅毒感染的关联。结果 2016-2018年共调查1 455名吸毒人员,平均年龄(34.84±8.27)岁,年龄中位数为33岁;男性1 197例(82.3%),女性258例(17.7%);新型毒品使用率为81.1%(1 180名)。梅毒检出阳性251例,感染率为17.3%。梅毒感染多因素Logistic回归分析发现,女性[比值比(OR)=3.388,95%可信区间(CI):2.469~4.649],使用新型毒品(OR=1.388,95%CI:1.078~1.788)及近一年有过吸食毒品后发生性行为(OR=1.589,95%CI:1.136~2.223)梅毒感染的风险更高。结论天津市吸毒人群新型毒品使用比例增高,存在梅毒等性传播疾病流行风险,提示应加强吸毒人群经性传播疾病干预及监测力度。

Objective To understand the status of syphilis infection and its influencing factors among drug users in Tianjin, and to provide scientific basis for development of syphilis interventions for drug users. Methods Face-to-face questionnaires and serological collection were conducted in the first compulsory rehabilitation center in Tianjin from 2016 to 2018, and the factors of demographic characteristics, behavioral characteristics, drug types, drug abuse behaviors, and syphilis infections were analyzed. Results 1 455 drug addicts were investigated during 2016-2018, with an average age of 34.84±8.27 years and the median age of 33 years. There were 1 197 males(82.3%) and 258 females(17.7%). The club drug use rate was 81.1%(1 180/1 455). There were 251 cases of screened positive syphilis antibodies, with the detection rate of 17.3%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that the factors such as women[OR=3.388, 95% confidence interval(CI): 2.469-4.649] and club drug use[odds ratio(OR)=1.388, 95% confidence interval(CI): 1.078-1.788] and sex after drug use in the past year[odds ratio(OR)=1.589, 95% confidence interval(CI): 1.136-2.223] had the high risk of syphilis infection. Conclusion The proportion of club drug users in Tianjin is increasing, and there is a risk of sexually transmitted diseases such as syphilis, suggesting that STDs intervention and surveillance should be strengthened.