2008～2017年大同市手足口病流行状况分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of hand,foot and mouth disease,Datong city,2008-2017

目的了解大同市报告的手足口病流行病学趋势和特征,探索其流行规律,为进一步加强、调整手足口病防控策略提供理论依据。方法按发病日期收集2008.2017年所有大同市在中国疾病预防控制信息系统中报告的大同市手足口病资料,应用描述性流行病学分析;其中部分病例采集咽拭子、疱疹液等标本进行实验室检测。结果2008.2017年大同市共报告手足口病病例18509例,年平均发病1851例,年平均报告发病率57.42/10万;发病数从4月份开始上升,至7月份达到高峰后逐渐下降,呈现下降趋势;发病以5岁以下儿童为主(15186例、82.05%),1.3岁呈高发(7943例、42.91%);EV-A71和CV-A16基本是相隔1.2年交替为流行株。2008.2017年报告重症病例17例,从2014年后没有报告过。结论大同市手足口病的发生与季节、地区、年龄关系密切。

Objective To understand the epidemiological trends and characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD),and explore its epidemic rules,so as to provide theoretical basis for further strengthening and adjusting the prevention and control strategies of HFMD. Methods According to the date of onset,data of HFMD was collected from China Disease Prevention and Control Information System in Datong city during 2008-2017,descriptive epidemiological method was used for data analysis.Pharyngeal swabs and herpes fluid samples were collected for laboratory testing in some cases. Results A total of 18 509 HFMD cases were reported in Datong city during 2008-2017,the average annual reported cases was 1 851 and the average annual reported incidence was 57.42/10^5.The incidence of HFMD increased from April to July,and then gradually declined.The cases were mainly children under 5 years old(15 186 cases,82.05%),and the incidence was high in children aged 1-3 years(7 943 cases,42.91%).EV-A71 and CV-A16 were the dominate strains alternately every other 1-2 years.A total of 17 severe cases were reported during 2008-2017,but no severe case was reported since 2014. Conclusion The occurrence of HFMD in Datong city is closely related to season,region and age.