收入差距、医疗保险与健康贫困的实证研究——基于CFPS数据的证据

An Empirical Study on the Income Disparity, Medical Insurance and Health Poverty Based on Evidence of the CFPS Data

收入差距扩大导致的健康贫困一直以来都是各国政府和学术界普遍关注的重大热点问题,而医疗保险同样是维护农村居民个体健康的重要一环,特别是在农村人口占比较高的我国,收入差距与医疗保险是关系农村居民民生福祉、破解健康贫困难题的重大命题。文章采用中国家庭追踪调查问卷(CFPS)2012、2014、2016年三期面板数据,以我国农村成人居民个体为研究样本,论证了收入差距的扩大将对我国农村居民健康水平产生显著的负向影响。进一步研究发现,考虑到样本的自选择问题,基于农民个体参合决策的收入差距对健康水平呈负向影响的结论。进而,加入基尼系数×参合情况的交互项,通过考察二者的交互效应得出参加新型农村合作医疗保险将会减小收入差距对于健康水平的边际效应。

Health poverty caused by the widening income disparity has been a major concern of governments and academic circles. Medical insurance has played an important role in maintaining the individual health of rural residents. Especially in China, the proportion of rural population is relatively high and income disparity and medical insurance are important propositions related to the livelihood and welfare of rural residents and declassification of health poverty. Based on the survey data of China Family Panel(CFPS)in 2012, 2014 and 2016, and taking individual adult rural residents as a sample, this paper demonstrates that the widening of income disparity has a significant negative impact on the health level of rural residents in China. Further analysis shows that, considering the self-selection of samples, the widening income disparity based on the individual rural residents’ decision-making of the new rural cooperative medical insurance has a negative impact on the health level of rural residents. Besides, this paper adds the interaction term to the model and concludes that participating in the new rural cooperative medical insurance would reduce the marginal effect of income disparity on health level.