中国5A级旅游景区空间结构特征研究

The Spatial Structure Characteristics of China’s 5A-Level Tourist Attractions

基于中国31个省(市、区) 2007-2017年的面板数据,采用最邻近点指数、地理集中指数、熵值法,结合Arc GIS技术和Stata软件的使用,对中国5A级旅游景区的空间结构特征和影响因素进行研究。研究结论表明:1.中国5A级旅游景区的空间分布类型为凝聚-随机型且存在地理邻近性趋同的特点,十年间的最邻近点指数经历了先持续下降后稳步回升的发展阶段,反映了中国5A级旅游景区逐步从小范围集聚转为大范围扩散的空间分布特征;2.中国5A级旅游景区在空间上呈现集中分布的趋势,地区分布不均衡,人文类景区较自然类更为集中,考核指标、发展时序引发的循环累积效应是导致5A级旅游景区空间集聚的根本原因。3.社会经济发展水平和旅游业发展水平对中国5A级旅游景区的空间分布有正向影响,国内旅游收入的影响更为显著。研究对中国5A级旅游景区空间分布及影响因素进行实证分析,为优化景区空间结构提供参考。

Based on the panel data of 31 provinces( cities and districts) in China from 2007 to 2017,the spatial structure characteristics and influencing factors of 5A tourist attractions in China were studied by using the nearest point index,geographic concentration index and entropy method,combined with the use of Arc GIS technology and Stata software. The conclusions are as follows: 1. The spatial distribution type of 5A scenic spots in China is agglomeration-random and has the characteristics of convergence of geographical proximity. In the past decade,the nearest point index has undergone a development stage of continuous decline first and then steady rise,reflecting the distribution characteristics of gradual change from small-scale agglomeration to large-scale diffusion of 5A scenic spots in China. 2. China’s 5A-level scenic spots show a trend of centralized distribution in space. The regional distribution is not balanced,and the humanities scenic spots are more centralized than the natural ones. The cyclic cumulative effect caused by the assessment indicators and the development time series is the fundamental reason for the spatial agglomeration of 5A-level scenic spots. 3. The level of social and economic development and the level of tourism development have a positive impact on the spatial distribution of 5A tourist attractions in China,and the impact of domestic tourism income is more significant. This paper makes an empirical analysis on the spatial distribution and influencing factors of 5A-level scenic spots in China,and provides a reference for optimizing the spatial structure of scenic spots.