方言学视域下汉族民间歌谣的记录与保护——以仁化石塘“月姐歌”为例

The Recording and Protection of Chinese Folk Songs and Ballads Under the Perspective of Dialectology——A Case Study of “Yue Jie Song” in Shitang Village of Renhua County

“月姐歌”是流传于仁化县石塘村女性中的古老民歌,2009年被列入广东省非物质文化遗产名录。20世纪80年代以来,“月姐歌”的记录与保护引起了社会和学界的关注。但是,由于缺乏相关的方言学专业知识和对方言词语的价值认识不够,现有的歌词记录中出现了一些问题,如用来自其他方言或官话的词语进行转写、同音替代等。这不利于“月姐歌”的保护以及开展相关的学术研究。如实、准确记录像“月姐歌”这样的汉族民间歌谣是做好保护工作的前提,应该在高度重视方言词语的价值以及具备相关的方言学专业知识的基础上进行。

“Yue Jie Song”is an ancient folk song circulating among the women of Shitang village, Renhua County of northern Guangdong. In 2009, it was included in the list of intangible cultural heritage of Guangdong Province. Since the eighties of last century, the recording and protection of “Yue Jie Song” aroused the attention of the society and academia. However, due to the lack of relevant dialectology knowledge and disregard of the value of the dialect words, some problems have arisen in the existing lyrics records, such as the transcription from words in other dialects or mandarin and homologous alternatives. This is not conducive to the “Yue Jie Song”protection and related academic research. Truthfully and accurately recording the Chinese oral culture such as “Yue Jie Song” is the premise to do protection. It should be conducted on the basis of attaching great importance to the value of the dialect words and relevant dialectology expertise.