基于Workbench的B型转向架构架结构优化设计与试验验证

Optimization Design and Experimental Verification of Type B Bogie Frame Structure Based on Workbench

为了使转向架构架的结构强度在设计阶段满足标准要求,将有限单元法和优化设计理论相结合对其进行结构优化设计。首先,建立B型转向架构架的有限元模型,依据UIC 515-4及EN 13749标准对其进行结构强度分析,确定不满足标准要求的工况和位置。其次,利用APDL语言对模型进行参数化,基于Workbench的优化设计模块,采用遗传算法对其进行结构优化,得到新的结构方案,并对优化设计后的构架进行结构强度分析。最后,根据TB/T 2368-2005标准对构架进行试验,并与优化后的分析结果进行对比验证。研究结果表明,优化后的静强度、疲劳强度满足标准要求,并且与试验结果保持一致,说明转向架构架满足强度设计要求。同时,相比于按照经验进行方案优化设计,该方法效率较高,准确性更好,能够为其他轨道车辆结构的优化设计提供参考。

In order to make the structure strength of the bogie frame meet the requirements of the standard in the design stage,the finite element method and the optimization design theory were combined to optimize the structure design.Firstly,the finite element model of the B-type bogie frame was established,and its structural strength was analyzed according to the UIC 515-4 and EN 13749 standards to determine the operating conditions and locations that do not meet the standard requirements.Secondly,using APDL language to parameterize the model,based on Workbench’s optimization design module,genetic algorithm was used to optimize the structure,and the optimized new structure was obtained,and the structure strength was analyzed.Finally,the architecture was tested according to the TB/T 2368-2005 standard and compared with the optimized analysis results.The results showed that the optimized static strength and fatigue strength met the standard requirements and were consistent with the experimental results,indicating that the bogie frame met the strength design requirements.At the same time,the method was more efficient and more accurate than the optimal design based on experience,which could provide reference for the optimization design of other rail vehicle structures.