节能环保高生产率的7系铝合金制备工艺研究

Preparation Technology of 7XXX Aluminum Alloy for Energy Saving and Environmental Protection and Increasing Productivity

采用氩气旋转喷吹精炼技术,引入SNIF在线除气装置,熔炼铸造了7系铝合金,结合扩散原理及相关文献,制订了双级均匀化退火工艺及双级固溶时效工艺。采用金相显微镜、场发射扫描电镜、X射线衍射分析仪、差示扫描量热仪等设备对合金的铸态、均质态、固溶处理态进行了分析,并进行力学性能检测。结果表明:氩气旋转喷吹精炼技术与传统的氯盐和六氯乙烷除气相比,避免了氯化物气体排放,铸锭质量更好,实现了熔铸过程环保的效果;制订的双级均匀化制度和双级固溶处理制度,效果良好,提高了第二级热处理温度,缩短了均匀化和固溶处理时间,能提高生产效率。

7 XXX aluminum alloys were melted and cast by argon rotary on-line refining technology and SNIF on-line degassing device. Combined with diffusion principle and related literature, two-stage homogenization annealing process and two-stage solution aging process were developed. Metallographic microscope, field emission scanning electron microscope and differential scanning calorimeter were used to analyze the as-cast, homogeneous and solid solution state of the alloy, and the mechanical properties were tested. The results show that the hydrogen content of aluminum alloy ingot compared with the traditional chlorine salt and hexachloroethane degassing, the gas emission of chloride reduces, the quality of the ingot is better, and the environmental protection effect is realized. The two-stage homogenization system and the two-stage solid solution treatment system have good effect, because they both increase the second stage heat treatment temperature, shorten the homogenization and solution treatment time, and then, the production efficiency improves.