RT-PCR和ELISA在检测小儿病毒性腹泻中的应用比较

Efficacy analysis of RT-PCR and ELISA in detecting viral diarrhea in children

[目的]RT-PCR和ELISA在检测小儿病毒性腹泻中的效能分析。[方法]收集我院2018年6月~2019年1月在门诊及住院的1个月~5岁400例儿童的腹泻粪便标本。利用RT-PCR和ELISA方法检测标本中的RV、NV、AstV和AdV病毒性病原。具体操作方法,严格按照试剂盒说明书进行操作。[结果]采用RT-PCR检出至少有132份标本含有至少1种病毒核酸:116份单一病毒核酸呈现阳性,14份双重病毒核酸呈现阳性,2份三重以上病毒核酸阳性。核酸阳性的检出率为36.7%。采用ELISA的方法检出98份标本含有至少1种病毒核酸:86份单一病毒核酸阳性,12份双重病毒核酸阳性。核酸阳性的检出率为27.2%。2种检测方法检测RV、NV、AstV和AdV病毒性病原差异有统计学意义。[结论]RT-PCR和ELISA 2种检测方法的检测结果具有很好的一致性。RT-PCR和ELISA此2种检测方法均以RV、NV的阳性检出率较高,RT-PCR法除对EAdV阳性检出率低于ELISA外,对其他3种病毒的检出率均高于ELISA。

[Objective]To analyze the efficacy of RT-PCR and ELISA in the detection of viral diarrhea in children.[Methods]the samples of 400 children aged between 1 to 5 years from June 2018 to January2019 were collected.RV,NV,AstV and AdV viral pathogens were detected by RT-PCR and ELISA.The specific operation method is strictly in accordance with the instructions of the kit.[Results]At least 132 samples were found to contain at least one viral nucleic acid by RT-PCR.Among them,116 were single virus nucleic acid positive,14 were double virus nucleic acid positive,2 were more than triple virus nucleic acid positive samples.The detection rate of nucleic acid positive was 36.7%.At least 98 samples were found to contain at least one viral nucleic acid.Of these,86 were positive for single virus nucleic acid and 12 were positive for double virus nucleic acid.The detection rate of nucleic acid positive was 27.2%.[Conclusion]The results of RT-PCR and ELISA have good consistency.Both RT-PCR and ELISA have high positive detection rate of RV and NV.The detection rate of EAdV was lower than that of ELISA by RT-PCR,the detection rate of other three viruses is higher than that of ELISA.