2014—2016年辽宁省蟑螂监测分析

Surveillance on cockroaches in Liaoning Province from 2014 to 2016

目的掌握辽宁省蟑螂密度、侵害率、季节消长和种类构成等情况,为科学开展蟑螂防控提供依据。方法采用粘捕法在居民区、宾馆、餐饮、医院、农贸市场等5种类型城市监测点进行蟑螂监测。结果 2014-2016年共捕获蟑螂30 455只,德国小蠊占96.98%,为主要优势种群。总密度为0.52只/张,总侵害率为11.87%。不同生境蟑螂密度和侵害率都以农贸市场最高,宾馆最低。蟑螂密度季节消长变化趋势2014年和2015年呈单峰曲线,2016年呈多峰曲线;蟑螂侵害率季节消长变化趋势各年均呈单峰曲线,侵害率的最高峰都分布在7-8月。结论 2014-2016年蟑螂密度呈小幅上升趋势。蟑螂密度季节消长变化趋势2014年和2015年呈单峰曲线,而各年侵害率季节消长变化趋势都呈单峰曲线。农贸市场应作为蟑螂防控工作的重点,结合不同生境蟑螂密度和侵害率的季节消长趋势,在高峰期采取综合防控措施,以达到降低蟑螂密度和控制疾病的目的。

Objective To master the condition of cockroach density,infestation situation,seasonal variation and population distribution,and provide a basis for developing cockroach control strategies.Methods Stick traps method was employed for monitoring cockroaches.In town,monitoring points were set up in five types of environment,including residential areas,hotels,restaurants,hospitals and farm product markets.Results A total of 30 455 cockroaches were captured from 2014 to 2016.The dominant species was Blattella germanica(97.15%).The total density was 0.52 insects per sheet and the total disoperation rate was 12.89%.The highest cockroach density and disoperation appeared in farm product markets,the lowest in hotels.Seasonal variations of cockroach density in 2014 and 2015 showed a single peak curve,but the trend in 2016 showed a double peak curve.The cockroach disoperation rate showed a single peak curve over the years.The highest peaks of density and disoperation rate occurred either in July or August.Conclusion The density of cockroach showed a slight rise from 2014 to 2016.Seasonal variations of cockroach density in 2014 and 2015 showed a single peak curve.The cockroach disoperation rate showed a single curve over the years.The farm product market should be the focus of the cockroach prevention and control.Combined with the seasonal fluctuation trend of cockroach density and disoperation rate in different habitats,comprehensive prevention should be taken during the active peak to reduce cockroach density and control diseases.