城乡家庭冬季供暖方式选择及其影响因素研究

Study on the selection of winter heating mode and its influencing factors for urban and rural families

基于中国综合社会调查(CGSS)2015年调查数据,本文通过单因素方差分析和多元线性回归分析,研究了我国城乡家庭冬季取暖用能行为.结果表明:自然条件、人口特征、社会经济水平和生活方式对家庭冬季供暖方式选择和动力燃料选取均有不同程度的影响,其中取暖用能行为的方式和质量在城乡和南北方差异明显,城镇明显优于农村,而因农村家庭居住分散、建筑独立、经济承受能力弱,会造成用能不均等化和社会分化等重要问题.因此政府应充分鼓励城乡居民利用太阳能、电能、生物质、沼气、罐装天然气等多种清洁能源取暖,更应制定相应的财政补贴政策,探索清洁取暖补贴机制.

Based on the 2015 survey data of China Comprehensive Social Survey(CGSS),the winter heating mode of urban and rural families in China was studied by single-factor analysis of variance and multiple linear analysisis to explorethe behavior of heating energy use.The results show that natural conditions,demographic characteristics,socio-economic level and lifestyle have different effects on the choice of winter heating mode and power fuel selection.The way and quality of heating energy behavior are clear different in urban and rural areas,north and south,the towns are obviously better than the rural areas,as the rural families are scattered,the building is independent,and the economic affordability is weak,which will inevitably lead to important problems such as energy inequality and social differentiation.Therefore,the government should fully encourage urban and rural residents.To use solar energy,electric energy,biomass,biogas,canned natural gas and other clean energy heating,the government should also develop a corresponding financial subsidy policy to explore the clean heating subsidy mechanism.