城乡关系与行政选配：乡村振兴战略中村庄发展的双重逻辑

Urban-rural Relationship and Administrative Selection:The Dual Logic of Village Development in the Strategy of Rural Revitalization

乡村振兴作为一种国家战略,需要通过村庄发展这一具体路径来惠及农民对美好生活的诉求。然而,在“以村庄为认识工具”的学术传统中,人们往往强调村庄在方法论上的意义,在一定程度上忽略了村庄自身的认识论或知识论意义。社会科学获得了很多关于乡村(社会)的知识,却很少获得关于村庄自身发展的知识。基于21世纪后村庄主体地位的提升,有必要倡导一种以村庄为发展单元的分析范式。由此观之,城乡关系和行政选配构成村庄发展的双重逻辑,即市场逻辑和行政逻辑。村庄发展主要取决于两个方面,一是村庄与市场的关系,也就是村庄所嵌入的城乡关系及其市场结构;二是村庄与行政的关系,也就是村庄在地方政府注意力分配中的位置。在这两种自外而内的逻辑支配下,引领性的村庄精英具有一种对村庄发展进行赋能的特殊效果。

Rural revitalization,as a national strategy in China,can benefit peasants’ demand for a better life only when being implemented in a specific village.However,the academic tradition of villages as a cognitive tool has neglected the epistemological significance of villages to some extent because of its emphasis on methodological significance of villages.Although the research in social science has acquired much knowledge about rural society from villages,little has been known about the self-development of villages.Based on the promotion of villages’ principal status after the 21st century,this paper advocates an analytical paradigm regarding villages as development units.Thus the dual logic of village development consists of urban-rural relationship and administrative selection,namely market logic and administrative logic.It has been argued that village development mainly depends on two aspects:one is the relationship between villages and the market,referring to the embedded urban-rural relationship and market structure;the other is the relationship between villages and administration,that is,the position of village in the distribution of local government’s attention.Under the domination of this outside-in logic,the leading village elites can have a special effect on village development,namely empowerment.