基于刚柔耦合模型的行星齿轮箱动力学仿真分析

Dynamics Simulation Analysis of Planetary Gear Box Based on Rigid-Flexible Coupling Model

行星齿轮箱在运转过程中,振动信号主要来源于齿轮间的啮合振动,各啮合点与传感器之间的位置周期性变化,啮合振动信号在同一时刻通过不同的传递路径被传感器采集到,导致传感器采集到的信号耦合严重,十分复杂,不利于有效进行故障诊断.为此,考虑信号采集的实际特点,依据实验室设备参数,利用PROE、ANSYS以及动力学仿真软件ADAMS,建立行星齿轮箱的刚柔耦合动力学仿真模型.结合Inalpolat提出的时变动力学模型,考虑齿轮箱各齿轮的局部故障信号调制、旋转调制以及结构和约束调制,建立改进的局部故障时变动力学模型.通过对比改进的局部故障时变动力学模型与仿真模型的结果得出了行星齿轮箱边频带信号中幅值与边频间隔的特点,从而验证了模型与理论的合理性.最后与实验信号对比,验证了结论的正确性,该研究结果可以为行星齿轮箱故障诊断提供有效的理论与工程基础.

During the operation of the planetary gear box, the vibration signal comes mainly from the meshing vibration between the gears. The position between each meshing point and the sensor changes periodically, and each meshing vibration signal was collected by the sensor through different transmission paths at the same time, resulting in serious coupling of the signal collected by the sensor and very complicated, which is not conducive to effective failure diagnosis. To this end, considering the actual characteristics of signal acquisition, a rigid-flexible coupled dynamic simulation model was established by using PROE, ANSYS and dynamic simulation software ADAMS according to the laboratory equipment parameters. Combining with the time-varying dynamics model proposed by Inalpolat, and considering the local fault signal modulation, rotational modulation, the structure and constraint modulation of each gear of the gearbox, an improved time-varying dynamics model of local fault was established. By comparing the results of the improved local fault time-varying dynamic model and the simulation model, the characteristics of amplitude and side-frequency spacing in the planetary gearbox sideband signal were obtained, which verifies the consistency of the model and theory. Finally, compared with the experimental signal, the correctness of the conclusion was verified. The result of this study can provide an effective theory and engineering basis for planetary gearbox fault diagnosis.