湖南省稻区种植结构调整研究Ⅱ——水稻种植模式调整

Planting Structure Adjustment in Rice Growing Areas of Hunan Province——Rice Planting Mode Adjustment

对湖南省稻区不同水稻种植模式进行了调研,比较了早晚双季稻、一季稻+再生稻、稻油和稻渔等生产模式的效益,总结了湖南省稻区水稻种植模式调整的问题,并提出了相关建议。结果表明:稻油模式经营风险小,增效稳,是目前比较成熟和稳妥的稻田种植模式,适合在全省大范围推广;一季稻+再生稻模式不利于优质稻产业的发展,增产难以增效,只宜适度发展;稻渔模式快速发展,存在着极大风险,同时可能严重危害耕地和粮食安全。

In the study,we have investigated the rice planting patterns in rice-growing areas of Hunan Province,and compared the benefits of four production patterns i.e.double-season rice,single-season rice+regeneration rice,rice+rape and rice+fish.The results show that the rice-rape model has low management risk and stable benefit growth,which is a mature and stable rice field planting mode,suitable for large-scale promotion in the whole province;the single-season rice+regeneration rice model is not conducive to the development of highquality rice industry,and difficult to increase benefits of production,which is suitble for moderate development;driven by the high profits,the rapid development of rice-fish pattern may result in high risk due to great input and unstable market facters,on the other hand,dugging deep ditches adapted to paddy fish-farming even transforming paddy to fishpond may seriously jeopardize farmland and food security.