新生儿吸吮负压的影响因素分析及其临床意义

Analysis of influencing factors of newborn suction negative pressure and its clinical significance

目的探讨新生儿吸吮负压的影响因素及其临床意义。方法纳入单胎初产妇及其分娩的正常足月新生儿。采用吸吮负压测量仪直接测量新生儿吸吮母亲乳头时的负压值。采用中文版IBAT量表评价新生儿吸吮姿势,记录新生儿每天吸吮频率及时间、配方奶添加次数及添加量等喂养相关资料,以及母婴一般资料、产妇孕期及分娩资料等。采用单因素及多因素分析探讨新生儿吸吮负压的影响因素。结果多元回归分析发现,分娩方式、IBAT评分与新生儿吸吮负压峰值及均值有关,而吸吮负压基线值的影响因素包括分娩方式、IBAT评分及产妇孕期BMI增长。结论分娩方式、吸吮姿势、孕期BMI增长是早期吸吮强度的影响因素。医护人员应控制无指征剖宫产,关注新生儿早期吸吮状况,保证正确吸吮姿势,维持有效吸吮强度,积极促进产妇泌乳。

Objective To investigate the influencing factors of newborn suction negative pressure.Methods Healthy single-fetal primiparas and their full term newborns were recruited.Suction negative pressure of the newborn sucking mother′s nipple was measured via a suction negative pressure measuring instrument.The Chinese version of the IBAT scale was used to evaluate the neonatal sucking posture,and the daily feeding frequency and time of the newborns,the number amount of additions,and other feeding-related data were collected.The general information of mothers and babys,pregnancy and delivery data of mothers were also recorded.Single factor analysis followed with multivariate regression was adopted to explore the risk factors of suction negative pressure.Results Multiple regression analysis found that the mode of delivery and IBAT score were related to the peak and mean values of newborn suction negative pressure.while the factors affecting the baseline of suction negative pressure included delivery mode,IBAT score and maternal BMI growth during pregnancy.Conclusion The mode of delivery,the posture of sucking,and the increase of BMI during pregnancy are the influencing factors of early sucking intensity.Medical staff should control the cesarean section without indication,pay attention to the early sucking condition of the newborns,ensure the correct sucking posture,maintain the effective sucking intensity to promote maternal lactation.