儿科门诊呼吸系统疾病的药物应用调查与分析

Application Analysis of Medicine for Respiratory Disease in Pediatric Outpatients in a Hospital

目的:调查某医院儿科门诊呼吸系统疾病的药物使用情况,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:抽查2018年第一季度诊断为呼吸系统疾病的处方1200张,对处方中疾病分布、用药种类、用法用量、给药途径等进行统计与分析。结果:在1 200张处方中,在诊断上以上呼吸道感染、支气管炎、支气管哮喘为主,这3种疾病占比90.42%。共使用8类52种药物,使用频率最高的前三位药物分别为中成药制剂(62.92%)、抗菌药物(49.83%)、平喘药(44.33%)。口服给药为最常用给药方式。处方点评合格率90.08%,适应症、用法用量不适宜和联合用药不适宜问题较为突出,分别占4.50%、2.67%和2.33%。结论:在儿科呼吸系统疾病的治疗用药中,存在抗菌药物使用频度偏高、联合用药不当、适应症不适宜、中成药用法用量不适宜等现象,需引起重视。

Objective:To provide a reference for clinical rational medication by investigating the application of medicine for respiratory diseases in pediatric outpatients of our hospital.Methods:A total of 1200 pediatric prescriptions diagnosed with respiratory disease in our outpatient department during the first quarter of 2018 were selected.The distribution of disease,the frequency of drug use,drug variety,dosage and route of administration were statistically analyzed.Results:In the 1200 prescriptions,the top 3 frequent diseases were upper respiratory infection,bronchitis and bronchial asthma,totally accounting for 90.42%.52 kinds of medicine belonging to 8 categories were used,with the top 3 frequent categories as Chinese patent medicines,antibacterial medicines and antiasthmatics,accounting for 62.92%,49.83% and 44.33%,respectively.Oral administration was the most frequent form of drug delivery.The rate of qualified prescriptions was 90.08%.The prominent unqualified prescriptions included inappropriate indications,improper usage/dosage and inapposite combination of drugs,accounting for 4.50%,2.67% and 2.33%,respectively.Conclusion:Inappropriate drug use such as overuse of antibiotics,irrational combinations,inappropriate indications and improper usage/dosage of Chinese patent medicines were discovered in the pharmacotherapy of pediatric respiratory diseases in our hospital,which should be dealt with seriously.