晕厥的诊断与治疗策略

Diagnosis and management strategy of syncope

晕厥是一种常见症状,可由各良性或危及生命的原因所引发。根据对晕厥患者的评价和管理,晕厥患者可分为有近期或长期风险。初步评价中的危险分层对指导治疗、降低长期发病率及死亡率具有重要意义。本文介绍了晕厥的病因、危险分层、诊断方法和治疗策略等方面的新进展,并对晕厥患者初步评价工具的选择进行了阐述。提出应对晕厥患者进行系统全面的分析,以提高晕厥诊断的准确率,包括对门诊和急诊服务的初步评估,以及随后住院期间的观察和治疗。文章建议将晕厥的管理作为一个专项重点,如设立晕厥管理治疗单元、采用结构化临床路径等。最后,建议在随机对照试验、治疗和未来合作研究方面做更多的工作。

Syncope is a common symptom due to various causes,ranging from benign to lifethreatening conditions. According to the evaluation and management of patients with syncope,they can be classified as being at short-or long-term risk. Risk stratification during initial evaluation is important for guiding the treatment,and reducing long-term morbidity and mortality. This paper introduces the new progress in the etiology,risk stratification,diagnostic methods and treatment strategies of syncope,and elaborates on the selection of initial assessment tools for syncope patients. In order to elevate the diagnostic accuracy rate of syncope,a systematic and holistic analysis of syncope patients was proposed,including the initial assessment of outpatients and emergency services as well as the observation and treatment during subsequent hospitalization. This paper suggests the management of syncope be considered as a focus,such as establishing syncope management units,taking structured care pathways,etc. Finally,it is suggested to make more efforts in aspects of randomized controlled trials,treatment and collaborative research in the future.