城市绿化灌溉对气象环境影响的模拟分析

Simulation of the Influence of Urban Greening Irrigation on Meteorological Environment

城市绿地灌溉作为城市重要的水文过程,研究其对城市气象条件的影响有利于提高城市精细化预报并理解城市水循环过程.基于WRFV3.7.1模式,选取Noah/SLUCM陆面及城市冠层模型,以2010年夏季一次强烈的高温热浪天气过程作为天气背景,模拟分析了城市绿化灌溉对于中国东部重要城市南京的气象环境的影响.结果显示,绿地灌溉对城市地表能量平衡存在较大的影响.城市地区潜热最大增加45 W/m^2,地表温度最大减小0.25℃.绿地灌溉对于城市地区边界层内的气温的有降低的作用,在边界层附近下降得最为明显,而边界层以上的温度则略有上升.对于日趋严重的热岛效应,城市绿地灌溉有减弱其强度的作用,在09:00时,可以将热岛强度最大减小0.25℃.

Urban greening irrigation is an important hydrological process in the city.It is beneficial for urban refined forecasting to study on its impact on urban meteorological conditions.Based on the WRFV3.7.1 model,the Noah/SLUCM land surface and urban canopy model were used to simulate the influences of urban greening irrigation on meteorological environment in Nanjing,an important city in eastern China,along with a strong high-temperature heat wave weather process in the summer of 2010.The results show that greening irrigation has a great impact on urban surface energy balance.The maximum increase of latent heat in urban areas is 45 W/m^2,and the maximum reduction of surface temperature is 0.25℃.Greening irrigation has a negative effect on the temperature within the boundary layer in urban areas,and the most obvious decrease happens near the boundary layer,while the temperature above the boundary layer rises slightly.For more and more serious heat island effect,urban greening irrigation could weaken its intensity.At 09:00,the heat island intensity can be reduced by up to 0.25℃.