不同立体视觉检查方法的比较

A Comparison of Different Stereoacuity Tests

目的:比较第一代颜氏随机点立体图、第三代颜氏随机点立体图、同视机画片和远距离随机点立体图机进行斜视患者立体视觉检查的差异。方法:前瞻性研究。分别使用第一代颜氏随机点立体图、第三代颜氏随机点立体图、同视机画片和远距离随机点立体图检查51例间歇性外斜视患者术前、术后2周和术后10周的立体视。数据比较采用Wilcoxon符号秩和检验、χ^2检验进行统计分析。结果:第一代颜氏随机点立体图和第三代颜氏随机点立体图的结果在全部受试者中的差异无统计学意义(U=1.338,P=0.181),但第三代颜氏随机点立体图的结果略优于第一代颜氏随机点立体图。术后与术前相比,第一代、第三代颜氏随机点立体图的结果均显著提高且差异有统计学意义(χ^2=65.5、58.5,均P<0.001)。同视机画片和远距离随机点立体图的结果在全部受试者中的差异无统计学意义(U=1.332,P=0.183),但远距离随机点立体图的结果略优于同视机画片。术后与术前相比,同视机画片、远距离随机点立体图的结果均明显提高且差异有统计学意义(χ^2=76.0、77.0,均P<0.001)。结论:斜视手术对于提高间歇性外斜视患者的近、远立体视均有意义。第三代颜氏随机点立体图可以替代第一代颜氏随机点立体图用于间歇性外斜视患者的近立体视功能检查。远距离随机点立体图可以替代同视机画片用于间歇性外斜视患者的远立体视功能检查。

Objective: To compare the first generation stereoscopic test charts, the third generation stereoscopic test charts, random-dot stereograms and the distance randot stereotest in patients with intermittent exotropia. Methods: In this prospective study, 51 patients with intermittent exotropia were examined by the first generation stereoscopic test charts, the third generation stereoscopic test charts, random-dot stereograms and the Distance Randot stereotest preoperatively and 2 and 10 weeks postoperatively. A wilcoxon signed-rank test and chi-square test were used. Results: The differences between the third generation and first generation stereoscopic test charts had no statistical significance (U=1.338, P=0.181), but the results of the third generation stereoscopic test charts were superior to that of the first generation stereoscopic test charts. Preoperatively and 2 and 10 weeks postoperatively, the results between the first generation and the third generation stereoscopic test charts showed improvement and the differences were statistically significant (χ^2=65.5, 58.5, both P<0.001). The differences between the Distance Randot stereotest and random-dot stereograms had no statistical significance (U=1.332, P=0.183), but the results of the Distance Randot test were superior to that of random-dot stereograms. Preoperatively and 2 and 10 weeks postoperatively, the results of the random-dot stereograms and the Distance Randot stereotest showed improvement and the differences were statistically significant (χ^2=76.0, 77.0, both P<0.001). Conclusions: Surgical intervention is of significance for improving the near and distance stereopsis of patients with intermittent exotropia. The third generation stereoscopic test charts can replace the first generation stereoscopic test charts in the examination of near stereopsis, and the Distance Randot test can replace the random-dot stereograms in the examination of distance stereopsis.