美国对华高技术出口限制对中国科技创新的影响分析——基于中美贸易摩擦背景

An Analysis of the Impact of U.S.High-tech Export Restrictions on China’s Scientific and Technological Innovation——Based on the Background of China-US Trade Frictions

本文在中美贸易摩擦的背景下,研究美国实施的高技术出口限制政策对中国科技创新领域的影响,通过实证研究发现,美国确实在高技术对外贸易领域中对中国实施了出口限制,通过对不同国家高技术出口管制不同导致科技创新影响力不同,发现在同等条件下,美国对高技术出口管制宽松国家的科技创新影响程度是中国的3.93倍;通过对高技术行业内不同类别的产业内贸易指数的研究发现,信息通讯行业有显著下降,这反映了以2018年中兴事件、华为事件为代表,信息通讯行业受到影响;其他行业类别除光电产品外产业内贸易指数整体较低,说明我国在高技术行业仍处于垂直分工阶段。因此,我国要加快自主创新,增强创新能力,从根本上改变国际分工的地位,维护在全球政治经济格局变化中的利益。

Sino-US trade frictions are officially carried out centering on the restrictions in the high-tech field.Under the background of Sino-US trade friction,this paper is based on the sine-us trade friction,studies the implementation of high technology export restrictions policy impact on China’s scientific and technological innovation in the field,through the empirical study,we find that the United States is in the high technology in the field of foreign trade imposed export restrictions to China,and based on high technology export control influence of scientific and technological innovation in different countries are different,and under the same condition,the easing the country’s scientific and technological innovation of high technology export control influence degree is 3.93 in China,and from the high technology industry category intra-industry trade index,the study finds that information and communication industry has dropped significantly.This just reflects that the zte event and Huawei event in 2018 are the representatives.The information and communication industry is affected,and the intra-industry trade index of other industries except photoelectric products is low as a whole,indicating that China is still in the stage of vertical division of labor in the high-tech industry.Therefore,China should accelerate independent innovation,enhance innovation ability,fundamentally change the status of international division of labor,and maintain the interests in the changing global political and economic pattern.