登州文会馆与中国现代高等教育起源

Tengchou College and the Origin of Modern Higher Education in China

创建于1864年的教会学校登州文会馆,与中国现代高等教育渊源颇深。文会馆实施分斋教学,具有递升性、分科类的特点,被视为分科型大学的雏形。在教学过程中,文会馆吸收西学教材,融入具体教学实践,把握中国人学习特点,编辑出版西学课程用书,不但为教会学校使用,也为晚清新式学堂采用。文会馆秉承“完全教育”理念,重视中学与西学知识的讲授,所培养出的毕业生不仅流向教会学校,且为清廷官办新式学堂充当西学师资。

Founded in1864,Tengchou College has a close connection with modern higher education in China.The separate-study teaching implemented in the college is characterized by gradual ascending and classification of subjects,and is regarded as the embryonic form of a branch-type university.In the process of teaching,the college absorbs the essence of western textbooks,integrates them into the specific teaching practice,grasps the learning characteristics of Chinese people,and edits and publishes western learning curriculum books,which are used not only by missionary schools,but also by the modern schools in the late Qing Dynasty.Adhering to the concept of “complete education”,the college attaches importance to the teaching of Chinese learning and western learning.The graduates trained in the college not only serve for missionary schools,but also act as the teachers of western learning for the new-style schools run by the Qing government.