非结核分枝杆菌感染肺病的临床护理新进展

New Progress in Clinical Nursing of Non-tuberculous Mycobacteria Infected With Lung Disease

非结核分枝杆菌广泛存在于自然界的土壤、尘埃、水、鱼类和家禽中,传播途径主要从环境中获得感染,例如污水,而人与人之间的传染极少见,通常此类分枝杆菌对人类致病性较结核分枝杆菌低,但如果存在易感因素,使宿主局部或全身免疫功能发生障碍,则可导致病变。近几年,临床上非结核分枝杆菌感染肺病发病率呈现为逐年增长的趋势,而合理有效的临床护理是缓解患者痛苦的重要手段,文章对非结核分枝杆菌感染肺病患者的临床护理新进展进行综述。

Non-tuberculous mycobacteria are widely found in soils, dust, water, fish and poultry in nature. The main routes of transmission are infections from the environment, such as sewage, and infection between people is rare. Mycobacteria are less pathogenic to humans than M. tuberculosis, but if there is a predisposing factor that causes local or systemic immune function disorders in the host, it can lead to pathology. In recent years, the incidence of nontuberculous mycobacterial infections has been increasing year by year, and reasonable and effective clinical care is an important means to alleviate the suffering of patients. This article briefly describes the new progress in clinical nursing of patients with non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection.