密集烤房不同散叶装烟方式烘烤效益

Benefit comparison of loose leaves bulk curing between different methods of loading tobacco leaves

通过对比密集烤房几种散叶装烟方式的用工、能耗、装烟密度及其烤后烟叶质量和经济效益,为烘烤节本增效及优化烤后烟叶品质提供理论依据。试验设置4种散叶装烟方式:散叶插扦、悬挂、烟框和靠背装烟,每种装烟方式又细分为尖朝上和朝下,以挂杆装烟为对照。分析各种装烟方式下的用工成本、能耗成本、装烟密度、烤后烟叶质量及经济性状的差异。研究表明:散叶装烟均显著增加了密集烤房装烟量,均降低了耗煤量、用工成本、能耗成本,尤其是烟框和靠背装烟;烤后烟叶杂色烟率明显降低,但中上等烟率降低,下等烟率提高;叶片变薄,疏松度和色度均下降,化学成分协调性较差。散叶装烟均能提高烘烤效益,其中烟框和靠背装烟效果最好,但烤后烟叶质量明显降低,需要改进散叶烘烤工艺,从而提高烤后烟叶质量。

By studying the labor force, energy consumption, loading density, the quality and economic benefits of flue-cured tobacco leaves of several methods of loading tobacco leaves, it provides basis for saving labor force and energy, improving flue-curing efficiency and quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves. In the experiment, four tobacco-loading patterns are tested in the bulk curing barn to study the effects of different-loading patterns on quality and economic traits of flue-cured tobacco leaves, each tobacco-loading patterns is subdivide into two ways, leaf tip downward and upward, contrasted with traditional curing. Differences of the amounts of labor, energy consumption,loading density, economic benefits, the appearance evaluation and the coordination of routine chemical components among different-loading patterns are analyzed. The results show that loose leaf tobacco-loading is effective for increasing the capacity, decreasing coal consumption and the amounts of labor force, especially loose-leaf with basket and loose-leaf with backpack, and loose curing can reduce effectively motley leaf, but increase the veins leaf,decrease the medium to high level tobacco leaves. The overall quality of loose curing is all lower than traditional curing, especially in several aspects as leaf structure, colour, identity and coordination of routine chemical components is lower than traditional curing. Loose curing can improve flue-curing benefit, especially loose-leaf with basket and loose-leaf with backpack. But loose leaves Bulk Curing causes the problem of lowing the quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves. It is necessary to improve the technique of loose leaves bulk curing, thus improve the quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves are expected.