个案量刑公正失衡的原因分析——以二维视角为切入点

Reasons for Sentencing Justice Imbalance in Individual Case:From Two Dimensional Perspective

个案量刑公正失衡有其表面、直接原因与深层、间接原因,从表面、直接原因分析,量刑受制于定罪,定罪环节中出现问题则必然影响量刑公正性,把定罪视为形式逻辑三段论最后的结论,定罪环节之中出现的问题有小前提案件事实认定的碎片化,大前提案件法律规范适用的瑕疵性;量刑环节中对量刑公正的影响包括法内因素案件法官量刑裁量因素的复杂性,法外因素社会舆论的压力性。而影响个案量刑公正的深层、间接原因则为法治"异化"下的形式理性主义的绝对化和科层(官僚)制下的非人性化。

The imbalance of sentencing justice in individual case has its superficial and direct reasons, and deep and indirect reasons as well. From the analysis of superficial and direct reasons,sentencing is subject to conviction. Problems in conviction link will inevitably affect the fairness of sentencing. The conviction is regarded as the final conclusion of the syllo-gism in formal logic. The problems in conviction link are“fragmentation”of the facts in minor premise and the“flaws”of the application of legal norms in the major premise. The complex sentencing are the factors within the law, while the“pres-sure”from social public opinion are factors outside the law, both of which affect sentencing justice. The deep and indirect reasons are the absolutization of formal rationalism under the alienation of ruling by law and the dehumanization under the bureaucratic system.