城市轻轨车辆带摇枕转向架的结构方案设计和动力学性能

Structural Design and Dynamics Performance Urban Light Rail Vehicles Bogies with Bolster

城市轨道交通应用范围越来越广,除市内运行要求外,目前还出现了市郊运行(运行速度达到120 km/h)需求。为解决目前城市轻轨列车的跨线提速运营能力不足问题,提出一种跨线提速带摇枕轻轨转向架结构方案,并对其动力学性能进行了研究。该方案主要在车体与构架之间增加了摇枕结构,以实现车体构架摇头运动约束解耦与回转阻尼的非线性。在对转向架结构分析的基础上,对于无摇枕转向架与带摇枕转向架构架、摇枕与车体进行受力分析,并建立5模块低地板轻轨列车动力学模型,分析两种转向架新轮、磨耗轮状态下的稳定性、平稳性、安全性(包括R350大半径曲线与R50小半径曲线)与回转阻力系数。结果表明:由于转向架摇枕带来的回转阻力的非线性特性,带摇枕转向架的稳定性、平稳性与大、小半径下曲线通过安全性均优于无摇枕转向架。该转向架既可胜任市郊高速运行的要求(保证120 km/h运行),又能胜任市内小半径曲线安全通行的要求(安全通过R50),为跨线提速运营提供了保障。

With the wider application of urban rail transit, in addition to the operational requirements of the city, there is a demand for suburban operation (running speed up to 120 km/h). In order to solve the problem of speed increase and cross line operation of urban light rail vehicles, a bogie structure design with bolster and studies its dynamic performance is proposed. The scheme mainly adds a bolster structure between the carbody and the frame, and achieves the decoupling of yaw motion constraint and the non-linearity of rotation damping. Through the analysis of the bogie structure, the force condition of the bogie, the bolster and the carbody are studied. The low-floor vehicle train model is established based on the system dynamics method. The stability, ride quality, safety (including the R350 large radius curve and the R50 small radius curve) and the bogie X-factor (bogie rotational resistance coefficient) of two bogies are analyzed. Due to the non-linear characteristics of the rotation damping, the dynamic performance of bogies with bolsters is better than that of bogies without bolster under all operation conditions. The bogie can not only meet the requirements of high-speed operation in suburbs (to ensure 120 km/h operation), but also meet the requirements of safety of small radius curve in the city (safely through R50), which provides guarantee for cross-line and speed-up operation.