考虑人误的人机干涉排队网络模型研究

Research of Queuing Network Modelling of Human-machine Interference by Considering Human Error

以单元制造系统作为研究背景,探讨一人多机情况下单元制造系统性能的评价问题。根据实际机加单元工况,将操作工人在操作过程中存在的两类失误分别定义为可修复和不可修复性人误,并建立人误排队网络模块。在此基础上建立考虑人误的零件/机器开环排队网络模型和机器/工人闭环排队网络模型,描述考虑人误时的人机干涉机制;并以此为基础给出了考虑人误的单元制造系统人机干涉性能评价计算流程;利用提出的模型和方法对一个实际工程案例进行了仿真研究,研究结果表明:当考虑人误时,人机比变化对系统人机干涉影响最为显著,而人机作业比越大,系统对人误的承受能力就越低,即上料/下料操作失误会导致人机干涉水平增强,也会增加操作人员的作业负荷。

Based on the research background of cell manufacturing system, the performance evaluation of cell manufacturing system under the condition of one person and multiple machines is discussed. According to the actual working conditions of the machining unit, two kinds of errors in the operation process of the operator are defined as repairable and irreparable human errors respectively, and the human errors queuing network module is established. Then an open-loop queuing network model considering human errors and a closed-loop queuing network model of machine/operator are established to describe the human-machine interference mechanism considering human errors. On this basis, a calculation flow chart for evaluating the human-machine interference performance of cellular manufacturing system considering human errors is given. A practical engineering case is simulated by using the proposed model and method. The results show that when human error is considered, the change of human-machine ratio has the most significant impact on human-machine interference. The larger the proportion of human-machine operation, the lower the system's tolerance to human error. That is to say, the presence of feeding/cutting errors will lead to the enhancement of human-machine system interference level and increase the workload of operators.