五维地震数据规则化及其在裂缝表征中的应用

5D seismic data regularization and application in fracture characterization

五维地震数据通常是指宽方位、宽频带、高密度("两宽一高")采集的地震数据经过保方位角处理后形成的蜗牛道集,因其保留了方位角信息,为解决更复杂的地下各向异性地质问题提供了数据保障。如何挖掘五维数据的应用潜力是地震资料解释人员面临的新挑战。本文首次提出了炮检距-方位角域五维内插方法,实现了五维地震数据可视化,即实现了柱状道集显示以及共方位角道集、共炮检距道集、道集切片的显示和抽取;同时以可视化为基础,首次提出了方位统计法计算各向异性强度、绘制玫瑰图的方法,克服了传统椭圆拟合法不能描述多组裂缝的缺陷,提高了裂缝预测精度。

5 Dseismic data usually refer to snail gathers generated from a wide-azimuth,broadband and high-density acquisition after the azimuth-preserved migration.5 Dseismic data contains azimuth information.Therefore,it can be used to better solve underground anisotropic problems.How to excavate potential geological information in the 5 D data is a new challenge for interpreters.This paper proposes a 5 Dseismic data visualization approach with 5 D data regularization in the offset-azimuth domain.On this basis,a 3 D offset vector gather(OVG)display in cylindrical coordinates is achieved,the common offset gather,the common azimuthal gather and gather slice can be displayed and extracted easily.Based on the 5 Dseismic data visualization,an azimuth statistics method is presented to compute anisotropy intensity and draw rose diagrams.This method can describe multiple fractures,but conventional ellipse-fitting method cannot,and the fracture interpretation is improved.