全国21个省2016年白纹伊蚊监测数据分析

An analysis of surveillance data of Aedes albopictus in 21 provinces,China,2016

目的了解全国21个省(自治区、直辖市)病媒生物监测点的白纹伊蚊密度、种群特征以及密度消长趋势,为白纹伊蚊防治和相关蚊媒传染病防控提供科学依据。方法收集和汇总2016年全国病媒生物监测系统使用诱蚊灯法对居民区、公园绿地、医院、农村民房和牲畜棚环境进行监测的数据。根据白纹伊蚊监测数据采用"中国动物地理区划系统"进行分区,并对数据进行方差分析。结果 2016年全国白纹伊蚊平均密度为0.05只/(灯·h),7-8月密度达到峰值,8月后密度迅速降低,1月降到最低。在华北、华中、华南区白纹伊蚊捕获率相对较高,超过全国的平均水平(1.80%),其中华中区年平均密度最高,白纹伊蚊所占比例也较其他地区略高〔0.10只/(灯·h),占4.06%〕,东北区和蒙新区未监测到白纹伊蚊。5类生境中以公园绿地最高〔0.07只/(灯·h)〕,不同生境白纹伊蚊密度差异有统计学意义(F=5.750,P<0.01)。将各个监测点的监测数据按照中国动物地理区划分区进行分析,不同区域间白纹伊蚊密度差异明显。结论 2016年全国21个省(自治区、直辖市)的白纹伊蚊总密度较高,密度变化与2006-2013年基本相同。

Objective To investigate the density, population characteristics, and density fluctuation trend of Aedes albopictus in the vector surveillance sites of 21 provinces(autonomous districts and centrally administered municipalities)in China, and to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of Ae. albopictus and associated mosquito-borne diseases. Methods We collected and summarized the surveillance data in residential areas, park green spaces, hospitals,rural houses, and livestock sheds, which were obtained through the China vector surveillance system using mosquito lamps.The surveillance data of Ae. albopictus were regionalized according to the China animal geographical regionalization system,and subjected to analysis of variance. Results In 2016, the national mean density of Ae. albopictus was 0.05/(light·h), and the density peaked from July to August. After August, the density decreased rapidly and fell to the lowest level in January.The capture rates of Ae. albopictus in North China, Central China, and South China were relatively high, exceeding the national average(1.80%), with the highest annual mean density in Central China, where the proportion of Ae. albopictus was slightly higher than that in other regions〔0.10/(light·h), accounting for 4.06%〕. Aedes albopictus was not found in the Northeast China and Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang. The density of Ae. albopictus was significantly different between five habitats(F=5.750, P<0.01), and was highest in the park green space〔0.07/(light·h)〕. The surveillance data of each surveillance site was analyzed according to the China animal geographical regionalization system, and the density of Ae.albopictus was significantly different between different zones. Conclusion The total density of Ae. albopictus in 21 provinces(autonomous districts and centrally administered municipalities) of China was relatively high in 2016, and the density variation was not significantly different from that in 2006-2013.