新教育实验关于新科学教育的思考

The Thoughts on New Science Education in New Education Experiment

科学教育是新教育课程体系主干之一的智识教育课程的重要组成部分。科学源于古希腊理性科学,16-17世纪现代自然科学的诞生实现了对自然物的改造和利用。当代科学是人类文化的组成部分,具有求真和创新的属性。科学教育发展经历了传承知识和技艺的古代科学教育,强调知识和技能的现代科学教育,发展到当今注重提高全体公民科学素养的科学教育。新科学教育以求真和创新为宗旨,以培养并提升科学素养为目标,包括科学知识与观念、科学思维与方法、科学精神和社会责任感、提出问题与解决问题的能力等多个维度。“读中悟”“做中学”“写中思”是新科学教育的实施路径。当下新科学教育要重点解决科学教育目标的功利化、科学教育对象的精英化、科学教育知识的片面化、科学教育方法的形式化、科学教育资源的分散化、科学教育教师的非专业化等六大问题。

Science education is an important part of the intellectual education curriculum,which is one of the backbones of the new education curriculum system.Modern science is originated from ancient Greek rational science.The birth of modern natural science in the 16th-17th century realized the transformation and utilization of natural objects.Contemporary science is an integral part of human culture and has the attributes of truth-seeking and innovation.The development of science education has gone through ancient science education that inherits knowledge and skills,modern science education that emphasizes knowledge and skills,and science education that focuses on improving the scientific literacy of all citizens.New science education aims at truth and innovation and focus on cultivating and improving scientific ffieracy,including scientific knowledge and concepts,scientific thinking and methods,scientific spirit and social responsibility,and the ability to raise and solve problems."Learning from reading","learning from doing"and"thinking from writing"are the implementation paths of new science education.At present,the new science education should focus on solving six major problems such as the utilitarianism of science education goals,the elitism of science education objects,the one-sided knowledge of science education,the formalization of science education methods,the decentralization of science education resources,and the non-specialization of science education teachers.