全日制专业学位硕士研究生收费的实证研究——基于107所“双一流”建设高校的数据分析

An Empirical Study on the Fees of Full-Time Professional Postgraduates——Based on the Data Analysis of 107 “Double Top”Universities

"双一流"建设名单中107所高校全日制专业学位硕士研究生收费标准的数据显示:从地区来看,按绝对标准比较,东部最高,但按相对标准比较,西部最高;从高校层次来看,层次越高收费越高,但不同层次高校间差异化程度不显著;从专业来看,传统热门专业收费较高,但其余专业基本相同;从学位类型来看,全日制专硕的收费多高于全日制学硕,但部分高校定价一致。总体上存在学费差异化程度较小、定价标准较为混乱、学费负担相对过高等问题,究其原因主要在于高校缺乏学费定价自主权、教育成本核算不规范和教育经费投入不足,建议通过赋予高校学费定价自主权、规范高校教育成本核算工作、拓展专项经费来源渠道等方式解决上述问题,最终推动高校、专业间的平衡发展,降低雇主的筛选成本,提升教育机会的公平性。

The data on the fees for full-time professional degree master students in 107 colleges and universities in the "double-first-class" construction list shows that: From the regional perspective, the highest is in the East, but the highest is in the West according to the relative standards;From the university level, the higher the level, the higher the charge, but the difference between the different levels is not significant;From the professional point of view, traditional popular majors charge higher fees, but the rest of the majors are basically the same;Judging from the type of degree, the fees for special masters are more than those for academic masters, but some colleges and universities are priced in the same way. In general, there are problems of less difference in tuition fees, more confusion in pricing standards, and relatively high tuition fees. The main reason lies in the lack of autonomy in the pricing of tuition fees, the irregularities in the accounting of education costs, and the insufficient investment in education funds. It is proposed to solve the above problems by giving colleges and universities the autonomy to price tuition fees, regularizing the costing of colleges and universities, and expanding the channels of funding sources for specialized universities, eventually promoting the balanced development between universities and majors, reducing the screening costs of employers, and improving the fairness of educational opportunities.