2012-2018年云南省大理白族自治州健康人群麻疹抗体水平监测分析

Measles antibody level in healthy population in Dali Bai autonomous prefecture, Yunnan, 2012–2018

目的了解2012-2018年云南省大理白族自治州(大理州)人群麻疹抗体水平,为消除麻疹提供科学决策和依据。方法采用分层整群抽样,每年采集8个年龄组健康人群血清,共28 459份,应用酶联免疫吸附试验测定血清中麻疹Ig G抗体。结果不同年度人群麻疹抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义,2016年最低(89.6%),2013年最高(97.3%),其余年份均>90%。不同年龄组间的抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),8~17月龄和25~34岁年龄组阳性率较低;接种含麻疹成分疫苗不同剂次的人群,抗体阳性率和抗体几何平均浓度(GMC)差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),接种3剂次的GMC最高,可达到1 921.1 mIU/ml。结论大理州基本形成预防麻疹的免疫屏障,发生麻疹暴发或流行的可能性较小,但要警惕成年人麻疹发病的潜在风险;加强成年人监测,有针对性地开展查漏补种或强化免疫等工作,提高抗体水平,降低麻疹发病率。

Objective To understand the measles antibody level in healthy population in Dali Bai autonomous prefecture of Yunnan province during 2012-2018 and provide scientific evidence for the elimination of measles.Methods Blood samples were collected annually from healthy populations in 8 age groups selected through stratified random sampling,a total of 28 459 blood samples were collected.Serum measles IgG was detected by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results The differences in annual positive rate of measles IgG in healthy population were significant.The positive rate was lowest in 2016(89.6%) and highest in 2013(97.3%).The positive rate was >90% in other years.The differences in the positive rate were significant among different age groups(P<0.05).The positive rate was lower in age groups 8-17 months and 25-34 years.There were significant differences in the positive rate and antibody geometric mean concentration(GMC)among people receiving different doses of measles containing vaccine(P<0.05).The GMC was highest in people receiving3 doses of measles vaccination(1 921.1 mIU/ml).Conclusion The immunity barrier has been basically formed in Dali,the possibility of measles outbreak is low,but close attention should be paid to the potential risk of measles in adults.It is necessary to conduct supplementary immunization activity in order to increase population antibody level and reduce the incidence of measles.