协商民主中代表机制的理论争论与思考

Theoretical Debate and Reflection on the Representative Mechanism in Deliberative Democracy

代表机制是协商民主制度建设的重要环节,它要解决的是“谁来协商”的问题。在过去的半个世纪中,代表理论经历了从标准解释到多元阐释的变化过程。协商民主论者也逐渐认识到代表在协商民主理论中的必要性,并在实践过程中探索出不同于选举模式的协商代表机制。在理论层面,学者们从代表的形式维度与实质维度对协商代表的合法性展开了争论;在实践层面,学者们对于微型公共领域这种新型代表机制进行了阐释,并思考其与既有代表机制的衔接问题。在系统梳理相关文献的基础上,本文对协商民主理论中的代表问题未来的研究方向提出了初步的思考。

The representative mechanism is an important element in the construction of deliberative democracy, and it deal with the problem of "who is involved in deliberate". In the past half century, the study of representative theory has gone through a process of change from "standard account" to "multiple interpretation". The deliberative democrats gradually realized the necessity of the represent ative, and in the practice of deliberative democracy they also found the mechanism of deliberative rep resentative, which is different from the electoral model. On the theoretical level, scholars have debated the legitimacy of deliberative representatives from the formal and substantive dimensions. On the practical level, scholars have explained the new pattern of representative mechanism in the mini public, and explored the connection between deliberative representative and elected representative.Based on systematically literature review, in this paper we put forward some preliminary thoughts for the future research of deliberative democracy representative.