汉语字母词中信息量的提取计算与应用

The Extraction,Calculation and Application of Information in Chinese Alphabetic Words

从词法角度来看,汉语拼音缩略语与外文缩略词都是字母词,前者更具"词法词"的性质,因而可界定为"词法字母词"。"音节"与"语种"是衡量字母词难易度的两个维度,将其应用于信息论原理,可总结出字母词信息量的计算公式。字母词所含的单位信息量大小与其难度成正比例关系,且双音节"词法字母词"的信息量为1 bit,可作为衡量汉语词汇中字母词难易度的基准值。最终的计算过程、结果经过专家干预与问卷调研后,可用于计算机处理及字母词的规范依据。

From the view of Morphology,Chinese pinyin abbreviations and foreign acronyms can both be regarded as alphabetic words,but the former is more of a"Morphological word"."Syllable"and "language"are two dimensions to measure the difficulty of letter words.By using the principle of information theory,the formula for calculating the information amount of letter words can be devised.According to the calculation results,it is found that the unit information amount contained in alphabetic words is directly proportional to its difficulty.The information amount of two-syllable pinyin acronyms is 1 bit,which is used as the reference value to measure the difficulty of alphabetic words in Chinese vocabulary system.The final calculation process and results,after expert intervention and questionnaire survey,can be used for computer processing and the standard basis for alphabetic words.