美国国会亲台势力的回潮及其影响

The Resurgence of the Pro-Taiwan Force in the US Congress and Its Impact

近年来,随着两岸关系陷入低谷以及中美关系紧张不断,美国国会亲台势力再度回潮,并在台湾问题上不断制造事端。本文首先对国会亲台势力的历史发展沿革、当前亲台议员的人员构成和主要特征进行了梳理。随后,本文结合《与台湾交往法》的通过,阐析了亲台议员试图通过全面解禁美台高官互访,以推动美台政治关系"正常化"的意图。同时分析了亲台势力通过促成对台军售决策"常态化"、立法确认对台"六项保证"、落实美台"准同盟"军事合作等方式,推动美台军事关系"正常化"的种种举措。接着从中美地缘战略博弈的加剧、两岸关系的恶化、亲台利益集团的复苏等三个角度,分析了国会亲台势力回潮并日益活跃的动因,并指出由于"红线意识"的淡漠,行政部门制衡的弱化,以及新世代亲台议员的涌现和积极表现,国会亲台势力成为影响美国对台政策制定的日益显著的消极变量。最后,本文指出亲台势力的实质意图就是以"搭积木"的方式,不断蚕食和虚化美国的"一个中国"政策,势必会对中美关系造成严重危害。

Concurrent with the deterioration of the China-US relations and cross-Taiwan Strait relations, the pro-Taiwan force in the US Congress has witnessed evident resurgence and ignited friction in the past few years. The article explores the dynamics behind the resurgence from the perspectives of the escalation of US-China strategic competition, the deterioration of cross-Taiwan Strait relations and the revival of pro-Taiwan interest groups, and expounds the corresponding impact upon US Taiwan policy making originated from the lack of "red line consciousness", the insufficiency of the check and balance from the executive branch, and the provocative behaviors of new generation of pro-Taiwan congressmen. The essence of these policies is trying to turn the US’"One China" policy into a hollow concept, thereupon will bring destructive influence upon China-US relations.