发达资本主义社会的网络信息体系与二元城市结构——曼纽尔·卡斯特的马克思主义城市社会学批判

Network System and Dual-Urban Structure in Advanced Capitalist Society: Marxist Critique on Urban Sociology of Manual Castells

与货币流通体系媾和的信息交互机制对传统社会景观的冲击,是曼纽尔·卡斯特检视当代资本城市政治效应的切入点之一。他认为,一方面,信息处理系统凭借对之前占主导地位的工业生产模式的重组或颠覆,在银行信贷业催生的实体资本向虚拟资本转化的浪潮中,进一步促使业已脱离地缘限制并为金融机构操控的虚拟货币流被二次虚拟化。从而,最大限度地排除了资本在城市空间游弋时可能遭遇的刚性障碍。另一方面,资本的虚拟化与信息化又在客观上确认了剩余价值的实现将依托信息网络中与之相关的知识创新。这就把原本隶属资本生产诸环节并因此具有不同创造潜力的城市差异性人群,再度按照知识贡献值或信息参与度的大小渐次纳入不平等的社会层级。从而,实现虚拟环境对资本异化社会关系再生产的隐秘干预。它们表明,以二元城市格局为基本特征的更为残酷的社会极化态势正在形成。

The impact of the increasingly complex information interaction mechanism on the traditional social landscape in the high-speed currency circulation field constitutes one of the opportunities for Manual Castells to examine the development trajectory of contemporary capital cities and their new political effects by applying Marxist social criticism theory. In his view, On the one hand, with the restructuring and even subversion of the predominant industrial production mode, the rapid development of information processing system has further promoted the secondary virtualization of the virtual money flow which has been out of geographic restrictions and manipulated by financial institutions in the wave of the transformation of real capital to virtual capital which has emerged from the bank credit industry. On the other hand, the virtualization and informatization of capital objectively confirm that the realization of surplus value will depend on the knowledge innovation related to it in the information network. This brings urban differentiated groups, which are originally subordinate to capital production and therefore have different creative potentials, into the unequal social hierarchy according to the value of knowledge contribution or the degree of information participation. They show that a more brutal social polarization is taking shape, while the latter is embodied in a dual-urban pattern related to capital exploitation and class antagonism.