须脚目动物系统学研究进展

Progress on the systematic study of Palpigradi

须脚目是一类体型微小、形态特殊、生活于土壤或洞穴中的蛛形动物,目前全世界仅记录109种,隶属于2科8属,包括2个化石记录种。由于对该类群系统学研究比较欠缺,其系统发育地位仍不明确。基于形态学的支序系统学分析大部分支持须脚目与四肺类(蜘蛛目+无鞭目+鞭蝎目+裂盾目)聚为一支,但也有研究支持须脚目与真螨类关系较近;分子系统学方面的研究较少,其分析结果也存在分歧。目前中国须脚目动物仅有零星的报道,研究匮乏。现简要报道最近在广西发现的1种类须脚蝎属动物,分析须脚目已知科、属及其分布,比较世界各地区已知须脚目的物种数,列举须脚目研究学者及其研究区域,从经典分类学和系统发育两个方面对须脚目系统学研究的最新进展进行综述,同时给出了须脚目各科、属的中文学名翻译,以期推动中国须脚目动物系统学的开展。

Palpigradi is a group of tiny, soil or cave dwelling arachnids with special morphology. There are only 109 species of Palpigradi described all over the world, and they are belonging to 2 families and 8 genera, with 2 fossil species recorded up to now. Systematic studies on Palpigradi are relatively deficient and their phylogenetic positions are still under discussion. Most cladistic analyses based on morphological characters support Palpigradi as a sister group of Tetrapulmonata(Araneae+Amblypygi+Thelyphonida+Schizomida), while other studies support a closer relationship between Palpigradi and Acariformes mites. The sparse molecular analyses have similar contradict results. So far, there are very few records of Palpigradi in China. The present article shortly reported a newly found species of genus Koeneniodes and its habitat, analyzed the families and genera of Palpigradi in the world and their distributions, compared the species found in different areas of the world, listed the researchers and their study area.The Chinese name of the families and genera of Palpigradi are also provided. The recent progresses of systematic study of Palpigradi are summarized comprehensively from the aspects of taxonomy and phylogeny in order to drive the study of Palpigradi of China in the future.