不同品质粗饲料对皖东牛瘤胃内环境和消化代谢的影响

Effects of forage quality on rumen environment,digestibility,and metabolism of Wandong beef cattle

以小麦秸秆和燕麦干草分别作为皖东牛粗饲料来源,探究粗饲料品质对皖东牛瘤胃内环境和消化代谢的影响。选取(493±33)kg,28~36月龄的健康皖东牛公牛10头,随机分为2组,分别饲喂小麦秸秆(XMJ)和燕麦干草(YMC)为粗饲料来源的日粮,每组5头,利用口腔采集瘤胃液和全收粪法采集样本用于指标测定,探索秸秆和牧草对皖东牛瘤胃内环境和营养物质代谢的影响。研究结果表明,XMJ组和YMC组皖东牛瘤胃pH值之间差异不显著(P>0.05),NH3-N浓度和菌体蛋白(MCP)产量YMC组显著高于XMJ组(P<0.05);YMC组干物质(DM)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)的表观消化率显著高于XMJ组(P<0.05),进食氮YMC组高于XMJ组(P>0.05),由于YMC组排泄氮较多,氮利用率方面YMC组低于XMJ组(P<0.05)。综上所述,禾本科来源的粗饲料品质对皖东牛的纤维消化代谢影响显著,单一饲喂小麦秸秆或燕麦干草不利于氮利用。

The aim of the study was to research effects of the forage quality on rumen environment, and digestion and metabolism of Wandong beef cattle.Ten Wandong bulls were selected under good health and similar body weight(493±33)kg,randomly divided into two groups of five bulls each,and fed the forage of wheat straw and oat hay,respectively.Rumen fluid were collected by oral cavity with stomach tube,and samples of fecal and urine were collect with total collection method.The results showed there was no significant difference in pH value among XMJ group and YMC group(P>0.05),and NH3-N concentration,MCP production of YMC group were significantly higher than those of XMJ group(P<0.05).Apparent digestibility of DM,NDF and ADF of YMC group were also significantly higher than those of XMJ group(P<0.05).Nitrogen intake of YMC group was higher than that of XMJ group(P>0.05),however,rate of nitrogen utilization of YMC group was lower than that of XMJ group(P<0.05),with more nitrogen excreted of YMC group.In summary,significantly effects of forage quality of gramineae on digestion and metabolism of fiber,so,it is not advantage of nitrogen utilization under single forage from wheat straw or oaten hay.