猪源产肠毒素性大肠杆菌主要毒力因子研究进展

Research progress on the main virulence factors of enterotoxin-producing Escherichia coli from pigs

产肠毒素性大肠杆菌(enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli,ETEC)是引起婴幼儿和幼畜腹泻的主要细菌性病原,初生幼畜感染后常因剧烈腹泻脱水而死亡。菌毛黏附素和肠毒素是ETEC目前研究最多的2类毒力因子,随着技术手段的不断进步和研究的深入,一些新型毒力因子不断被发现,如鞭毛、非菌毛黏附素、肠聚集性耐热毒素(the enteroaggregative heat-stable toxin1,EAST1)、自转运黏附蛋白、细胞溶血素等。本综述主要针对猪源ETEC的主要毒力因子以及新型毒力的结构功能及致病性进行阐述,为进一步深入探索ETEC的致病机理提供理论基础。

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC)is the main bacterial pathogen that causes diarrhea in infants and young animals.Newborn animals often die from severe diarrhea after infection. ETEC fimbriae and enterotoxin are the two most virulence factors studied.With the development of the technical means and in-depth research,some new virulence factors have been discovered, such as flagella,non-fimbriae adhesion,enteroaggregative heat-stable toxin1(EAST1),etc.The review focuses on structure,function and pathogenesis of the main virulence factors and some new virulence factors of ETEC,in order to provide the theoretical basis for further exploration of the pathogenic mechanism of ETEC.