不同加倍技术加倍玉米单倍体的研究

Research on Different Doubling Method of Maize Haploid

以具有相同遗传基础的玉米种质为基础材料,利用外引诱导系高诱1号、2号与5号为父本进行人工诱导,通过子粒外观形态鉴定,获得准单倍体子粒。选取高诱5号诱导的单倍体子粒为材料,设置秋水仙素浸种加倍、除草剂加倍与自然加倍3个试验。结果表明,3份诱导系材料的单倍体诱导率存在很大差异,诱导率最高达10.42%,最低为4.78%。0.06%浓度的秋水仙素浸种12 h处理加倍效果最好,加倍率为11.76%;80μmol/L甲基胺草磷在三叶期和五叶期用滴心法处理幼苗加倍效果次之,为8.09%;自然加倍率最低,仅为3.06%。

Haploid materials of maize were gotten with three inducers(Gaoyou1,Gaoyou2,Gaoyou5)from outside as the male parent and the maize materials of the same genetic basis as the base material.Doubling experiment with three methods was done,soaking seed in colchicine,doubling by the herbicide,natural doubling,and the haploid materials that were inducing by Gaoyou5 inducer were selected as materials.The results indicated that haploid induction rates were different.The highest haploid induction rate was 10.42%while the lowest was 4.78%.The results showed that the best method was the treatment with soaking seed in 0.06%colchicine for 12 h,the rates of11.76%.And the second was by drop into the interior leaf whorls of the haploid from the 3-leaf stage to the 5-leaf stage with the concentration of 80μmol/LAmiprophos-methy1,the doubling rate was 8.09%;the natural doubling rate was only 3.06%.