用户心理模型的构建方法及灭火器设计应用

A Building Method of User Mental Model and Its Application in Fire Extinguisher Design

目的通过构建用户心理模型,发现用户与产品之间的交互体验问题,指导产品设计开发。方法以灭火器设计为例,通过访谈整理和归纳专家用户的知识结构;基于模拟实验获取新手用户的视触觉感知与外在行为数据;构建匹配灭火器使用情境的用户心理模型,提出灭火器优化设计的切入点,并以此进行设计实践。结论以"信息输入-逻辑判断-动作输出"为基础框架,以习惯、产品特性、知识结构、检查行为、用户状态信息、火点信息、环境信息为模型组件,构建了灭火器用户心理模型,总结了影响灭火器使用体验的关键问题,提出了设计方案。通过构建用户心理模型,能够指导获得符合目标用户使用心理预期的产品设计方案,为产品的用户体验设计研究提供参考。

The work aims to find out the experience problems of interaction between user and products to guide the product design and development by constructing the user mental model.Taking the fire extinguisher design as an example, firstly,through interviews,the knowledge structure of the expert users was arranged and summarized.Then,the visual and tactile perception and external behavior data of the novice users were obtained based on the simulation experiment. Finally,the user mental model matching the usage scenes of the fire extinguisher was constructed,and the breakthrough point of the optimal design of the fire extinguisher was put forward,based on which the design practice was carried out. The user mental model for fire extinguisher is constructed,the key problems affecting the use experience of fire extinguishers are summarized,and the design scheme is put forward by taking "information input-logical judgment-action output" as the basic framework,and the habits,product characteristics,knowledge structure,inspection behavior,user status information,fire point information and environmental information as model components.By constructing the user mental model,it can guide the product design scheme which is in line with the psychological expectation of the target users, and provide reference for the research on the design of product user experience.