热激法开采天然气水合物研究进展

Research progress on the exploitation of natural gas hydrate by thermal stimulation method

天然气水合物具有极高的开采价值,热激法是天然气水合物开采的重点研究方向,当前热激法的主要注热方式有注热流体、井下电加热、微波加热、太阳能加热等。对国内外热激法开采天然气水合物的研究进展进行了综述,分析了不同注热方式的优缺点:注热流体具有操作简单,流体循环利用等优点,但能量利用率较低,适用于饱和度较高的水合物开采;井下电加热热损失较小,适用于开采井井深较大的情况;微波加热能量转化率高,对水合物具有更强的靶向加热作用;太阳能加热清洁环保,符合可持续发展战略目标。微波加热和太阳能加热具有很大的开发潜力和广阔的发展前景,但目前的技术发展尚不足以进行推广。

Natural gas hydrate is extremely high in exploitation value, and thermal stimulation method is one of the research emphases for the exploitation of natural gas hydrate. At present, the main heat injection modes of thermal stimulation method include thermal fluid injection, downhole resistance heating, microwave heating and solar heating. In this paper, the domestic and foreign research progress on the exploitation of natural gas hydrate by thermal stimulation method was overviewed, and the advantages and disadvantages of different types of heat injection modes were analyzed. The thermal fluid injection has the advantages of simple operation and fluid recycling, but its energy utilization rate is low, and it is applicable to exploit hydrate with higher saturation. Downhole resistance heating has less heat loss, and it is suitable for deeper exploitation wells. Microwave heating has high energy conversion rate and targeted heating effect on hydrates. And solar energy heating is clean and environmentally friendly, and it is in line with the strategic goal of sustainable development. Both microwave heating and solar energy heating have great development potentials and prospects, but their current technological development is not high enough to be popularized. The research results can be used as the reference for hydrate exploitation in the future.